Description

🏥 Appendix Surgery (Appendectomy) – Complete Overview Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, usually performed as an emergency procedure to treat acute appendicitis—a common and urgent abdominal condition caused by inflammation of the appendix. --- ⚠️ Indications for Appendectomy Indication Notes Acute appendicitis Most common; signs: pain (right lower abdomen), fever, vomiting Appendicular mass/abscess May need interval surgery after initial conservative management Appendiceal neoplasm Rare, often diagnosed intraoperatively or on histology Prophylactic (rare) During other abdominal surgeries in select cases --- 🔬 Types of Appendectomy Type Approach Notes Open Appendectomy McBurney’s or Lanz incision Traditional method, still used in some rural/emergency settings Laparoscopic Appendectomy Minimally invasive via 3 small incisions Preferred method today due to faster recovery, better cosmesis --- 🧰 Laparoscopic Appendectomy – Step-by-Step 1. General anesthesia 2. 3 ports inserted: Umbilical (camera) Suprapubic Left lower quadrant 3. CO₂ pneumoperitoneum created for visibility 4. Appendix identified and mesoappendix dissected 5. Appendix base ligated (clips, endoloop, stapler) 6. Appendix removed via retrieval bag 7. Peritoneal wash if perforated 8. Port closure --- ✅ Advantages of Laparoscopic Appendectomy Smaller incisions, better cosmetic outcome Less postoperative pain Lower risk of infection Faster recovery Easier diagnosis and treatment of other intra-abdominal pathology Preferred in obese or young female patients --- ⚠️ Complications Early Late Bleeding Incisional hernia Surgical site infection Adhesive intestinal obstruction Intra-abdominal abscess Stump appendicitis (rare) Injury to surrounding organs Infertility (rare, if pelvic adhesions) --- 🏥 Postoperative Recovery Factor Open Appendectomy Laparoscopic Appendectomy Hospital stay 2–4 days 1–2 days (may be day-care) Return to work/school ~1–2 weeks 5–10 days Physical activity restriction ~3–4 weeks ~2 weeks --- 📋 Post-Op Care Tips Pain control with oral analgesics Monitor wound for signs of infection Avoid heavy lifting Resume normal diet gradually Follow-up visit in 1–2 weeks --- 📌 Special Scenarios Situation Approach Appendicular abscess Initial antibiotics + drainage → delayed (interval) appendectomy Perforated appendix Peritoneal wash + drain ± open approach Pregnancy Laparoscopic safe in 2nd trimester Pediatric cases Laparoscopic preferred ---