Description

Hernia surgery is a common procedure performed to repair a hernia — a condition where an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the muscle or surrounding tissue wall. Here's an overview of the key aspects of hernia surgery: --- Types of Hernias 1. Inguinal hernia – occurs in the groin; most common type. 2. Femoral hernia – also in the groin, more common in women. 3. Umbilical hernia – near the belly button. 4. Hiatal hernia – part of the stomach pushes into the chest through the diaphragm. 5. Incisional hernia – through a scar from previous abdominal surgery. --- Surgical Options There are two main types of hernia repair surgeries: 1. Open Hernia Repair (Herniorrhaphy) A single large incision is made near the hernia. The protruding tissue is pushed back into place. The weakened area is stitched, often reinforced with a mesh (called hernioplasty). Recovery: Typically longer; more post-op discomfort. 2. Laparoscopic (Minimally Invasive) Hernia Repair Several small incisions are made. A laparoscope (thin tube with a camera) guides the surgery. Mesh is used to strengthen the area. Advantages: Less pain, quicker recovery, smaller scars. Not suitable for all hernias or patients with previous abdominal surgery. --- Recovery Timeline Outpatient procedure for most hernia types. Back to light activity: Within a few days to 1 week. Full recovery: Typically 4–6 weeks for open surgery, 1–2 weeks for laparoscopic. Avoid heavy lifting or straining during the healing period. --- Risks & Complications Infection Bleeding Recurrence of the hernia Nerve damage or chronic pain Reactions to anesthesia --- When to Consider Surgery Persistent or increasing pain Hernia is enlarging Risk of strangulation (cut-off blood supply to the herniated tissue), which is a surgical emergency ---